AI Bio Lab Faculty & Students
The members of the UC AI Bio Lab share a commitment to developing intelligent systems that are transparent, robust, reliable, and aligned with human reasoning.
Our team applies fuzzy logic, explainable artificial intelligence, and computational intelligence to complex problems in aerospace, medicine, language, and autonomous systems. Our work combines theoretical research with practical engineering, resulting in publications at leading venues and systems designed for use beyond the laboratory.
Under the leadership of Dr. Kelly Cohen, the UC AI Bio Lab has established an internationally recognized program in the theory and application of fuzzy logic. Aerospace AI and biomedical AI engineering represent the laboratory’s primary areas of focus, supported by broad interdisciplinary capabilities across artificial intelligence, optimization, autonomy, and decision-making.
Meet the researchers helping make Cincinnati a center for interpretable and human-centered artificial intelligence.
Faculty
Kelly Cohen,
Brian H. Rowe Endowed Chair in Aerospace Engineering
513-566-3523
Students
Nate Steffen
PhD Candidate, Aerospace Engineering
Research Interests: Responsible AI, Space Robotics, AI Verification & Validation, Proximity Operations, Path Planning, Low-Thrust Trajectory Design, Robotic Manipulator Optimization
Nate Steffen is a PhD candidate in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati. He previously earned his Bachelor of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering with certificates in Mathematics and Computer Science from UC.
During his undergraduate studies, Nate completed multiple co-op and research rotations that shaped his interest in AI and space robotics. His early work included two semesters as a research assistant in mechanical engineering, where he conducted molecular dynamics simulations. He then completed a co-op semester with the Air Force Research Laboratory, focusing on machine learning applications. Following this, Nate undertook two co-op rotations at NASA Glenn Research Center as a Pathways Intern, developing optimization code and supporting the design of cislunar low-thrust spacecraft trajectories. He continues to work at NASA Glenn during academic breaks.
Nate’s research centers on the development and assurance of responsible AI for space robotics. As part of the Strategic Space Technologies Initiative (SSTI), he works on the verification and validation of AI techniques used in space proximity operations. Much of his research involves optimization of robotic arms for on-orbit servicing and inspection procedures, and he is also exploring the use of AI for path planning and autonomy in other key space robotics missions.
He earned his M.S. in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati in March 2026 with the thesis Fuzzy Ordinary Differential Equations for Intelligent Aerospace Applications.
Steffen, N. (2026). Fuzzy Ordinary Differential Equations for Intelligent Aerospace Applications [Master’s thesis, University of Cincinnati]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1778863427109708
Steffen, N. & Cohen, K. (2026, March). Fuzzy ODEs as a Means for Low-Thrust Trajectory Generation. NAFIPS 2026, El Paso, Texas.
Steffen, N., Louw, W., Ernest, N., Arnett, T., & Cohen, K. (2025, April 21). A genetic fuzzy-enabled framework on robotic manipulation for in-space servicing. arXiv.org.https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.15226
Steffen, N., Hudson, S., Henry, H., & Cohen, K. (2025, August). Adaptive CLIK Control for Robotic Arm Capture of Tumbling Satellites Via Genetic Fuzzy Trees. IFSA/NAFIPS 2025, Banff, Alberta, Canada.
Hugo Henry
PhD Candidate, Aerospace Engineering
Key Research Interests: Fuzzy Risk Assessment, Intelligent Control & Command, Air Traffic Management, Aircraft Maintenance, Regulations for Airborne Systems
Hugo Henry is a Ph.D. researcher in Artificial Intelligence and Aerospace Systems at the University of Cincinnati. His research focuses on explainable AI, genetic fuzzy systems, and decision-support methods for safety-critical aerospace applications, with particular emphasis on interpretable machine learning for autonomous systems. Prior to his doctoral studies, he gained industrial experience in aerospace through roles at Safran Helicopter Engines, where he contributed to integration, verification, validation, and qualification (IVVQ) of embedded engine control software, and at Sopra Steria Aeroline, where he supported qualification testing of the Rafale mission system. He holds a dual Master's degree in avionics and international aerospace engineering from the University of Bordeaux. His work has resulted in peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and the 2026 NAFIPS Outstanding Student Paper Award.
Henry, H. & Tsai, A., Cohen, K. (2026, March).Optimal Take-off under fuzzy constraints. NAFIPS 2026, El Paso, Texas.
Henry, H. & Cohen, K. (2026, March). Physics-Informed Fuzzy Regression for Aeroacoustic Prediction Using Clustered TSK Systems. Drones 2026, 10(3), 200; https://doi.org/10.3390/drones10030200.
Henry, H. & Cohen, K. (2025, May). Comparative of Genetic Fuzzy regression techniques for aeroacoustic phenomenons. ArXive, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.23746
Steffen, N., Hudson, S., Henry, H., & Cohen, K. (2025, August). Adaptive CLIK Control for Robotic Arm Capture of Tumbling Satellites Via Genetic Fuzzy Trees. IFSA/NAFIPS 2025, Banff, Alberta, Canada.
Jared Burton
PhD Candidate, Aerospace Engineering
Key Research Interests: Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC), Verification & Validation of ML-based Control, Formal Methods, Probabilistic Robustness, Runtime Assurance, Satellite Servicing & Inspection
Jared is an Aerospace Engineering PhD student at the AI Bio Lab and a Digital Futures Fellow. He earned his B.S. in Aerospace Engineering & Engineering Mechanics from the University of Cincinnati in 2021. Previously, he worked as a Machine Learning intern at THALES Avionics, where he explored new applications of Evolutionary Fuzzy Systems (EFS) and contributed to expanding their core methodological capabilities.
His current research focuses on the verification of machine-learning-based and classical control systems, with a specialization in Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC). His work spans three verification paradigms: (1) Formal Methods — providing mathematical guarantees of requirement satisfaction (2) Probabilistic Methods — offering statistical evidence of safety and robustness and (3) Interventionist Methods — runtime strategies that anticipate and mitigate requirement violations. Promising techniques within these paradigms include reachability analysis, stochastic robustness analysis, and runtime assurance.
Currently, he is applying reachability analysis tools to assess the safety of satellite servicing and inspection missions and is developing new tools to enable formal analysis of fuzzy logic controllers.
Burton, J. and Cohen, K., Efficient bound propagation applied to fuzzy trees for verification of breast cancer classification, IFSA-NAFIPS, 2025 (in press)
Burton, J. and Cohen, K., Verification of Fuzzy Inference Systems with Polynomial Zonotopes, IFSA-NAFIPS, 2026 (in press)
Burton, Jared & Cohen, Kelly. (2022). Flutter Mitigation via Fuzzy Gain Scheduling of a Passivity-Based Controller. 10.1007/978-3-031-16038-7_2.
Burton, Jared & Cohen, Kelly. (2023). Genetic Fuzzy Passivity-Based Control Applied to a Robust Control Benchmark Problem. 207-218. 10.1007/978-3-031-46778-3_19.
Lohith Srikanth Pentapalli
PhD Candidate, Aerospace Engineering
Key research interests: Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), Cybersecurity & Threat Detection, Autonomous AI Agents, Trustworthy/Robust ML
Lohith works on advancing explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for cybersecurity, aiming to build machine learning models that are both effective and accountable. His research focuses on transforming opaque ML systems into auditable, analyst-ready tools capable of surfacing threats early while providing faithful, attack-resistant explanations. These explanations support incident response and regulatory compliance, ensuring that AI decisions can be trusted and verified rather than treated as black-box alerts.
Additionally, Lohith works on autonomous AI decision-making for adversarial and uncertain environments. His work emphasizes the development of verifiable, human-aware AI agents that integrate uncertainty estimation, causal reasoning, and safety guardrails. These mechanisms ensure that autonomous systems can operate independently under adversarial conditions while still deferring control to humans when appropriate.
His overarching goal is to build AI systems that detect and respond effectively to security threats while also justifying their reasoning — earning human trust in real-world deployments.
Pentapalli, L.S., Salisbury, J., Riep, J., & Cohen, K. (2025) A Gradient-Optimized TSK Fuzzy Framework for Explainable Phishing Detection (https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18636)
Pentapalli, L.S., Riep, J., Ouwerkerk, J., & Cohen, K. (2026) Bridging the Closed-World Gap: Interpretable Anomaly Detection via a Hybrid TSK-FCM Ensemble on the BETH Dataset, NAFIPS, El Paso, Texas, USA.
Nguyen, T., Pentapalli L.S. et al. (2025) Jailbreak Detection in Clinical Training LLMs Using Feature-Based Predictive Models (https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.00010)
Shah, P. N., Pentapalli, L. S., Riep, J., & Cohen, K. (2025). Can Fuzzy Logic Match Human Insight? A Pilot Study Toward Bias-Free Syllabi. NAFIPS, Banff, Canada.
Magnus Sieverding
PhD Candidate, Aerospace Engineering
Key research interests: Fuzzy Inference Systems, Radar and Multi Aerial Vehicle Simulation, Hybrid AI Models, AI
Magnus Sieverding is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Cincinnati’s College of Engineering and Applied Science. His work spans fuzzy-logic-based artificial intelligence, control theory, dynamical modeling, and simulation of complex engineering systems. He assists Dr. Kelly Cohen in projects involving validation, performance evaluation, safety assurance, and robustness analysis of intelligent systems, with a particular focus on improving the scalability and applicability of Fuzzy Logic to large, real-world engineering problems.
Magnus Sieverding, Nate Steffen, Kelly Cohen, "Gradient-Optimized Fuzzy Classifier: A Benchmark Study Against State-of-the-Art Models", NAFIPS, 2025
Magnus Sieverding, Nate Steffen, Kelly Cohen, "Toward Problem-Agnostic Spatial Reasoning Under Fog of War: A Hybrid Fuzzy Modular Architecture for Kriegspiel Chess", NAFIPS, 2026
Magnus Sieverding, Nate Steffen, Kelly Cohen, "Exploring Membership Function Evaluations as Linear Node Replacements", NAFIPS, 2026
Magnus Sieverding, Reka Patel, Kelly Cohen, “Open-Set-Recognition in Takagi Sugeno–Kang Fuzzy Inference Systems without A Priori Information”, HICCS, 2027
Tri Nguyen
PhD Candidate, Aerospace Engineering
Key Research Interests: Medical AI Applications, Explainable AI, AI Quality Assurance
Tri Nguyen is a PhD student in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati, where he researches explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for medical and safety-critical applications. His work explores predictive modeling and transparency techniques for clinical decision support and AI safety.
In his first year of PhD, Tri authored multiple peer-reviewed conference papers, including four at the 2025 Joint IFSA/NAFIPS Conference, where he received the Outstanding Paper Award, the Outstanding Student Paper Award, and Honorable Mention for Student Paper. He also has two accepted publications for the 2026 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence (AICI 2026), to appear in Springer’s edited proceedings, covering explainability assessment for retinal OCT image diagnosis and sampling methods for psychiatric evaluation data.
Tri completed his B.S. in Aerospace Engineering at UC with a 3.98 GPA, supported by multiple research fellowships and scholarships including the UGR Fellowship, UPRISE Fellowship, Co-op/Research of the Year Award, Tau Beta Pi Scholarship, and the SRIDE Undergraduate Fellowship. His goal is to advance interpretable AI systems that can be responsibly deployed in clinical environments.
Nguyen, T., Trinh, L., Shaffer, J., and Cohen, K., “Performance Comparison of Sampling Methods on Psychiatric Evaluation Dataset”, Manuscript #34, AICI 2026 Conference, January 4-5, 2026, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Nguyen, T., Louw, W., Cohen, K, and Karol, D., “Improving Psychiatric Consultation Prediction through Feature Engineering and SHAP-Based Feature Selection”, Manuscript #53, 2025 Joint IFSA/NAFIPS Conference, August 16-19, 2025, Banff, Alberta, Canada.
Nguyen, T., Pentapalli L.S. et al. (2025) “Jailbreak Detection in Clinical Training LLMs Using Feature-Based Predictive Models”, Manuscript #54, 2025 Joint IFSA/NAFIPS Conference, August 16-19, 2025, Banff, Canada.
Nguyen, T., and Cohen, K., “Fuzzy Logic-Based Scheduling System for Part-Time Workforce”, Manuscript #52, 2025 Joint IFSA/NAFIPS Conference, August 16-19, 2025, Banff, Alberta, Canada.
John Cavanaugh
PhD student, aerospace engineering
Key Research Interests: Fuzzy Inference Systems, Evolutionary Algorithms, Explainable AI, Privacy-preserving ML, AI Policy and Co-Design Research
John P. Cavanaugh is a founder, privacy technologist, and PhD candidate at the University of Cincinnati's AI BIO Lab, where he builds privacy-by-design AI systems rooted in explainability and human accountability. After nine years co-founding and leading Plunk Student Community, he spent five years as Executive Director of the Plunk Foundation, serving 30 million children, women, and veterans through consent-first digital safety technology. Today he serves on boards across nonprofit, civic, and technology sectors and advises organizations on responsible AI, privacy strategy, and ethical leadership.
Cavanaugh, J., Nguyen, T., & Cohen, K. (2026). Fuzzy feature augmentation for privacy preserving machine learning: Improving model robustness under noise perturbation [Paper presentation]. NAFIPS 2026, El Paso, TX. Honorable Mention.
Cavanaugh, J., Shah, P., Riep, J., Henry, H., Scherz, T., & Cohen, K. (2026). Fuzzy logic for intelligent prioritization of student peer review feedback [Late-breaking paper]. NAFIPS 2026, El Paso, TX.
LeFevre, G., et al., including Cavanaugh, J. (2026). Extended pregnancy during matrotrophy in cockroaches increases progeny survival during dry periods. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.26.745935 [Preprint]
Papanicolaou, A., et al., including Cavanaugh, J. (2016). The whole genome sequence of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata... Genome Biology, 17(1), 192. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-016-1049-2 (Erratum published 2017, Genome Biology 18:11)
Joshua Metcalf
PhD student, aerospace engineering
Key Research Interests: Explainable and Interpretable Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy Systems and Evolutionary Computation, Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Clinical Decision Support, Large Language Models and AI-Assisted Evidence Synthesis, Applied Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Decision Systems
Joshua Metcalf is a Ph.D. student in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati and a graduate researcher in the AI Bio Lab. He earned his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering, with a minor in Aerospace Engineering, from Trine University and is concurrently completing his M.S. at UC. His research focuses on interpretable and explainable artificial intelligence for healthcare, with particular emphasis on fuzzy inference systems, evolutionary optimization, and clinical classification. His current work applies Pittsburgh Genetic Algorithm-evolved Takagi-Sugeno-Kang fuzzy systems to breast cancer Fine Needle Aspiration data, with the goal of developing accurate classification systems that remain interpretable for clinical use. Alongside his research, Joshua serves as a computer science faculty member at Mount St. Joseph University, where he teaches Python programming and introductory artificial intelligence. His background also includes engineering industry experience in fire protection system design.
Holub, O., Nakonechnyi, A., Metcalf, J., Allen, R. (2027). A PRISMA-Aligned Workflow for LLM-Assisted Title–Abstract Screening: A Methodological Case Study in Atrial Fibrillation Literature. In: Andreev, P., Van Woensel, W., Holmes, J., Sauré, A. (eds) Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. AIME 2026. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 16749. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-30813-9_3
Aleskseyevna, M., Holub, O., Metcalf, J., Allen, R., Nakonechnyi, A. (2026). From Data to Retention: How Student Information Systems Can Support Evidence-Based University Student Success. In: ICERI2026 Proceedings. 19th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation, Seville, Spain, 9–11 November 2026. IATED. [Forthcoming].
Haider Bin Hamid
PhD student, aerospace engineering
Key Research Interests: Biomedical AI Engineering, Natural Language Processing, Fuzzy Logic, Neurology
Haidar Bin Hamid is a PhD Student in Biomedical Engineering at the University of Cincinnati, working in Dr. Kelly Cohen's AI Bio Lab. His research centers on explainable AI, fuzzy logic systems, and interpretable fuzzy inference, applied to wearable devices for neurodegenerative disease monitoring. He holds Masters in AI Engineering from the University of Cincinnati. Haidar serves as the president of FLAIR, a student organization focused on promoting explainable AI research and researchers at the University of Cincinnati.
Additionally, he is the founder and CEO of Xtainable LLC, a company built on the thesis that AI should be explainable first, then configured to be Sustainable, Maintainable, Attainable, and Containable for regulated industries such as healthcare, finance, and government. Its flagship product, EXI (Explainable Executive Intelligence), delivers auditable executive decision support.
Cleopatra Douglas
PhD student, aerospace engineering
Key Research Interests: Explainable and Interpretable Artificial Intelligence, Fuzzy Systems, Finance.
Cleopatra Douglas is a PhD student in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati, where she conducts research in Dr. Kelly Cohen's AI Bio Lab. Her work focuses on explainable AI and interpretable fuzzy inference systems, applying methods from safety-critical engineering to high-stakes financial decision-making. She holds a Master's in Computer Science from Northeastern University and a Bachelor's in Mathematics.
Cleopatra is the co-founder and CEO of Recital Finance, an agentic financial operations startup built on transparency and human accountability. She also serves as treasurer of FLAIR, a University of Cincinnati student organization that promotes explainable AI research. Her goal is to advance AI systems that financial institutions can trust, audit, and deploy responsibly.
Reka Patel
MS Student, Aerospace Engineering
Key Research Interests: Trustworthy AI for aerospace systems, Autonomous aircraft collision avoidance and decision-making, Explainable AI for aviation safety, Run Time Assurance (RTA)
Reka Patel is an Aerospace Engineering MS student at the University of Cincinnati, with research focuses on trustworthy and interpretable artificial intelligence for safety-critical aerospace systems in the AI Bio Lab. Reka got her undergraduate degree in Mechanical Engineering from Southern Methodist University. Her work explores genetic fuzzy systems, explainable AI, runtime assurance, intelligent flight-control and aircraft-monitoring applications, with an emphasis on developing AI systems that are both high-performing and understandable to human operators. Her current thesis investigates genetic fuzzy trees as an interpretable surrogate for the ACAS Xu aircraft collision avoidance system, including their performance, robustness, interpretability, and potential path toward certification.
Timothy Arnett, Reka Patel, Zach Phillips, Nicholas Ernest, Daniel Heitmeyer, “Comparing LLM and Human-Generated Structures for Genetic Fuzzy Trees”, HICSS, 2027
Reka Patel, Hugo Henry, Magnus Sieverding, Dr. Kelly Cohen, "Fuzzy Logic Enabled Advanced Monitoring for Airliner Maintenance", NAFIPS, 2026
Reka Patel, Wilhelm Louw, Dr. Kelly Cohen, "Genetic Fuzzy System Tuned PID Controller for Pitch Attitude Hold of a Fighter Aircraft", NAFIPS, 2026
Connor Horn
MS Student, Aerospace Engineering
Key Research Interests: Modeling & Simulation, Computer Vision, Autonomous Systems, UAS & Robotics, Fuzzy Logic & Information Processing
Connor Horn is an Aerospace Engineering MS student whose work focuses on unmanned aircraft systems, autonomy, flight controls, sensor fusion, modeling and simulation, and fuzzy logic. His research centers on ground-referenced UAV localization using vision-based pose estimation and complementary sensors, with an emphasis on characterizing real-world measurement behavior and evaluating navigation performance in simulation.
Connor Horn, Kelly Cohen, "Genetic Cascading Fuzzy Inferencing System for Interpretable Prediction of Forward-Looking Price-to-Earnings Ratio”, NAFIPS, 2025
Korinne "Rin" Newcamp
Undergraduate Researcher, Aerospace Engineering
Key Research Interests: Evolutionary Algorithms, Airport Gate Optimization Problem, Operational Improvement
Korinne “Rin” Newcamp is an Aerospace Engineering student at the University of Cincinnati with experience spanning engineering, sales, and aerospace business development. Through multiple co-op rotations with The Timken Company, she has gained experience in technical problem-solving, data analysis, customer support, and cross-functional collaboration. As a recipient of the OSCG 2026–2027 STEM Scholarship, Rin is conducting independent research with Dr. Kelly Cohen focused on airport gate optimization, exploring methods to improve the efficiency of airport operations. She has also contributed to aerospace projects involving aircraft, rockets, and payload design. Rin enjoys applying her technical background to real-world challenges and is particularly interested in opportunities that combine engineering, analytical problem-solving, and communication. Following graduation, she plans to begin her engineering career while continuing to expand her technical knowledge and leadership skills.
- Palak Shah: Post-Doc, UC AI Bio Lab
- Tim Arnett: Senior AI Researcher, Thales
- Mark Aull: Chief Science Officer, Windlift
- Brandon Cook: Aerospace Engineer, NASA Ames Research Center
- Nicholas Ernest: Chief Architect, Thales USA
- Nicholas Hanlon: AI Researcher, Air Vehicles Directorate, AFRL
- Elad Kivelevitch: Senior Team Lead, Sensor Fusion and Tracking, MathWorks
- Jon Ander Martin: Test Engineer III, Electric Power Systems
- Lynn Pickering: Assistant Professor, Osaka Metropolitan University, Japan
- Chelsea Sabo: AI Research Engineer, Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control
- Anoop Sathyan: Senior Data Scientist, Travelers Insurance
- Javier Viaña Pérez: Post-Doc, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research
- Alex Walker: Program Manager, Advanced Projects, Sierra Lobo
- Wei Wei: Associate Professor Educator, Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Cincinnati
- Anrw Vick: M.S. 2010
- Arthur Tsai: M.S. 2026
- Austin Wessels: M.S. 2023
- Bhavika Wani: M.S. 2020
- Bryan Brown: M.S. 2016
- Christopher Meckstroh: M.S. 2010
- Cody Lafountain: M.S. 2015
- Daniel Heitmeyer: M.S. 2024
- Elizabeth Rochford: M.S. 2023
- Garrett Olges: M.S. 2026
- Heath Palmer: M.S. 2024
- Justin Ouwerkerk: M.S. 2017
- Jutshi Agarwal: M.S. 2017
- Kaaustaaub Shankar: M.S. 2026
- Kyle Dunlap: M.S. 2022
- Mohit Ahuja: M.S. 2010
- Nathaniel Richards: M.S. 2018
- Nicholas Degroote: M.S. 2021
- Nicholas Stockton: M.S. 2018
- Rebecca Gilligan: M.S. 2024
- Robert Charvat: M.S. 2012
- Sanooj Edalath: M.S. 2012
- Sophia Mitchell: M.S. 2015
- Sureshkumar Vijaykumar Fnu: M.S. 2015
- Sushil Garg: M.S. 2013
- Tom Franco: M.S. 2017
- Tyler Vick: M.S. 2014
- Xin Li: M.S. 2021
- Yunzheng He: M.S. 2020
- Zach Carlton: M.S. 2017